Multidimensional Assessment of Ageing Among Marine Fishermen: Evidence from Kanniyakumari District

Abstract

Ageing is a gradual and multidimensional process that affects physical strength, emotional stability, social relationships, and economic security. In labour intensive occupations like marine fishing, the impact of ageing becomes more challenging because the work requires continuous physical effort and involves high occupational risk. As fishermen grow older, declining health, reduced work capacity, and irregular income begin to influence their overall quality of life. Unlike organised sectors, marine fishing lacks structured retirement systems and adequate social protection, making old age more vulnerable for fishermen. This study examines the multidimensional aspects of ageing among marine fishermen in Kanniyakumari District by analysing four major dimensions: physical, psychological, social, and economic. The physical dimension focuses on health conditions, occupational strain, and ability to continue fishing activities. The psychological dimension considers stress, insecurity, and life satisfaction in later years. The social dimension explores family support, community involvement, and access to welfare schemes. The economic dimension evaluates income stability, savings, debt burden, and financial dependency. The study highlights that economic insecurity and health-related limitations are the most serious challenges faced by ageing fishermen. Limited pension coverage, rising medical expenses, and unstable earnings increase their vulnerability. The paper emphasises the importance of targeted policy measures, improved social security coverage, and sustainable livelihood support to ensure a secure and dignified life for elderly marine fishermen.